�� FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, DragonFly: 7.12. ��

	7.12. ��
�	�� 7. �� Unix	�

7.12. ��

7.12.1. �� mail(1) � ��
7.12.2. �� mail(1) � ��

��:� �� , �� root, � �� (MUA) �� . �� , �� mail(1). �� .

��:�mail(1), /var/mail/$USER.

��

Spool � �� /var/mail/$USER. �� ţ ��. �� less(1) �� vi(1) � �� sendmail(8) ��

$ cat letter | sendmail somebody@example.org

�� BSD � �� mail(1)�— �� , �� . �� , �� . �� POSIX �� mailx(1). �� , �� mail(1) � mailx(1) � BSD �� , � �� .

	��
	mail(1) �� UNIX-��, �� root'�.

7.12.1. �� mail(1) � ��

�� mail(1) �� , �� , �� -�� , �� mutt(1), �� mail(1) �� , �� sh(1), �� bash(1)'�� shell'�� .

�� , �� mail(1) �� & � �� . �� /var/mail/$USER, � ��-�� , �� -f.

$ mail
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/emin": 1039 messages
>   1 **********@yahoo.com  Mon Oct 11 23:18  59/2153  "Re: home address"
  2 *****@xxx.ru          Tue Oct 12 10:42  56/2048  "Re: home address"
  3 *****@xxx.ru          Wed Oct 13 17:10 109/4842  "Demons and signals"
  4 ****@xxxxx.ru         Wed Oct 13 17:10 156/4509  "(fwd) Re: subversion"
  5 ***@xxx.ru            Wed Oct 13 21:17 217/10906 "=?koi8-r?B?9MXL09Qgz9"
  6 *****@xxx.ru          Thu Oct 14 10:09 101/3849  "Re[2]: Demons and sig"
  7 ****@xxxxxx.ru        Thu Oct 14 10:09 10221/783178 "=?koi8-r?B?5s/Uy8k"
  8 *****@xxxxx.ru        Thu Oct 14 15:15  81/2613  "Re: some questions"
  9 ****@xxxxx.ru         Fri Oct 15 10:35  46/1780  "Re: Phone+Cd"
 10 ****@xxxxx.ru         Fri Oct 15 14:23  68/2888  "Re: Phone+Cd"
 11 *****@xxxxx.ru        Fri Oct 15 18:10  61/2350  "Re: StarOfficce"
 12 ****@xxxxxx.ru        Mon Oct 18 00:48 7554/578402 "=?koi8-r?B?UmVbMl06"
 13 ******@xxxxxxxxxxxx.  Mon Oct 18 16:35 113/5041  "Re: Jornal"
 14 ****@xxxxx.ru         Wed Oct 20 19:54  56/2220  "Re: uzkaya koleya"
 15 ****@xxxxxx.ru        Wed Oct 20 23:46  48/1911  "=?koi8-r?B?UmVbNF06IO"
 16 ******@xxxxx.net      Fri Oct 22 00:07  45/1790  "Re: (fwd) Re: uzkaya "
 17 *****@xxxxx.ru        Fri Oct 22 09:22  70/2740  "Re: some questions"
 18 ****@xxxxx.ru         Fri Oct 22 14:19  52/2098  "fish"
 19 ****@xxxxx.ru         Fri Oct 22 14:39  63/2271  "Re: Spisok"
 20 ****@xxxxx.ru         Fri Oct 22 14:39  58/2092  "Re: Spisok"
&

� �� , �� &, �� :

�� 7.12. �� mail(1)

��		��
��	��	��
?	help	��
h	headers	�� (� �� ). �� , ��, �� . �� 20 ��, �� «��» �� 20 (�� «n+20») � �� h.
p	print	�� (�� more(1)) ��
+ �� n	next	�� (�� more(1)) ��
-	�	�� (�� more(1)) ��
x �� ex	exit	�� mail(1) ��
q	quit	�� mail(1) � ��
d	delete	�� , �� . �� .
dp �� dt	�	�� .
r	reply	��
R	Reply	��
s	save	�� , �� .
�� ݣ �� , �� أ� �� .

7.12.2. �� mail(1) � ��

�� mail(1) �� , �� . �� ţ �� . �� , �� , �� (�� mutt(1) �� , mail(1) �� , �� POSIX. (��, �� mailx(1), ��. ��.) � �� , �� mail(1) �� sendmail(8) � �� ţ �� . �� mutt(1) ��ۣ� �� . �� mail(1)'�� , � �� sendmail(8).

�� , �� mail(1), � � �� . �� -s, -c, -b �� Subject, Cc � Bcc. �ݣ �� -E, �� , � �� , �� , �� STDERR �� cron.

$ cat letter | mail -s Hello somebody@example.org

�� crontab(1) �� :

* * * * * mytask.sh 2>&1 >/dev/null | mail -E -s "Errors in mytask" debug@somebody.org

��, �� , �� 2>&1�>/dev/null �� STDOUT � /dev/null, � STDERR ��, �� STDOUT, �� , �� STDERR, � �� STDOUT'� ��.

�		�
7.11. �� Ś		�7.13. �� (job control)

7.12. ������ ����� �� ��������� ������

�����������

7.12.1. ������ � mail(1) � ������������� ������

7.12.2. ������������� mail(1) � ��������� ������

7.12. ��

��

7.12.1. �� mail(1) � ��

7.12.2. �� mail(1) � ��